Cover: https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B6gAplZThnXBSUxON1BqODJUaGM/view?usp=sharing
Pg 1&2: https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B6gAplZThnXBUzcxY0pOYW1TLUk/view?usp=sharing
Pg 3&4: https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B6gAplZThnXBWWlJT2ZNUWt6Sk0/view?usp=sharing
Pg 5&6: https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B6gAplZThnXBZjQxOXBLX0dqMG8/view?usp=sharing
Pg 7&8: https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B6gAplZThnXBaGFlVmpyTEJ4b2M/view?usp=sharing
In “How America’s police became so heavily armed” author F.j. explains why America’s police departments have been so heavily armed over the past years. Barack Obama barred the federal government from providing some military equipment to American police departments. The extraordinary arsenal maintained by some departments which includes body armour, powerful weapons and armoured vehicles had become highly visible over the previous year, as a result of outbreaks of unrest in response to police violence. Americans have grown used to seeing police respond to protests with tear gas, carrying automatic weapons and sniper rifles, and riding in vehicles that would not look out of place in Baghdad or Aleppo. Defense Department to transfer military gear and weapons to local police departments if they were deemed “suitable for use in counter-drug activities”. The American Civil Liberties Union found that the value of military equipment used by American police departments has risen from $1 million in 1990 to nearly $450 million in 2013. In 1980 SWAT teams across America were deployed around 3,000 times. Deployments are estimated to have risen nearly seventeen-fold since, to 50,000 a year. This tremendous rise in paramilitary police forces has occurred as violent-crime levels have fallen. And while SWAT teams remain essential for high-risk and dangerous situations, most SWAT teams are deployed to serve routine drug-related warrants on private homes, often with disastrous consequences. Radley Balko, a journalist who wrote the essential book on police militarisation, has found at least 50 cases where innocent people died as a result of botched SWAT raids.
Source: https://www.economist.com/blogs/economist-explains/2015/05/economist-explains-22
Second Source: http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2016/08/03/more-armed-police-to-patrol-the-streets-in-response-to-terror-at/
In “The new heavily armed face of counter terror policing is revealed” author Martin Evans talks about policemen are now training to be ready for terrorist attacks in cities, and how they need to be more heavily armed. Equipped with SIG 516 semi-automatic carbines and Glock 9mm sidearms, the counter-terror specialists are capable of racing to the scene of any potential incident on board specially adapted BMW F800 motorcycles. The SAS style officers are also trained to carry out water borne assaults from rigid inflatable hull vessels and even abseil into situations from hovering helicopters. Members of the public across London will begin to see an increase in armed patrols, particularly in high profile tourist areas, with an increased number of officers carrying semi-automatic weapons, Tasers and shotguns. But the plans come amid warnings from the Police Federation that plans to introduce 1,500 more armed officers nationally could take at least two years. If there is an attack it is unlikely to be an isolated incident. We’ve got to have the resources around the country because it might happen in multiple places at the same time. Sir Bernard said: “Anyone who’s been following events in Europe over the past few weeks will understand why we want to show our determination to protect the public.” They will help support newly recruited armed officers who will operate in visible roles across the capital to help reassure the public and deter any would be terrorists. Overall i believe that police officer should be armed for terrorist situations.
In “45 Things Police Officers Want You to Know” author Michelle Crouch explains forty five things police officers want the public to know. I won’t be going over all of them but i will be covering what i believe are the most important and most irrelevant to people right now. First is the news is probably the most misleading kind of information a person can learn about police. Most of the time the news will blow up news about a police officer and create a lot of drama, causing policemen and women to be in harms way. Second stories about shooting a policemen “murdering” civilians are blown out of proportion, like the Shooting of Philando Castile, it does seem a policeman had gunned down a innocent man, but they’re both in the wrong, first off Castile had mentioned he as a concealed carry firearm and kept on going for his wallet, to look in a policeman’s prospective from where he is looking he cannot see what Castile is rummaging for and doesn’t know if he’s going for the wallet or gun. But at the same time the officer did not make the right judgement and in the heat of the moment did what he believed would protect him. Third, a being a police officer is emotionally draining, one scene can be you being a hero, and five minutes later at the next, you will be called a pig, murderer, and scum of the earth. Finally, not all policemen are the same, out of one bad tomato there’s thousands more, and because of one bad tomato it is unfair for police officers to get judged because one of them ruined it, it’s just like a bad dentist, just because he doesn’t give you enough numbing and make it a terrible experience, most likely the average person won’t be quick to judge that all dentist are bad, but for cops, it’s a different story…
Source: http://www.rd.com/culture/police-officers/
In “Types of Sworn Law Enforcement Careers” Discoverpolicing.org talks about the different kinds of police work can pick or do when joining law enforcement. People depend on police and detectives to protect their lives and property, but there is a different kind of “police” for every scene or situation, it might be a robbery, or it might be a murder, not just any cop can show up to the scene and solve it. First is the uniformed police officer, the one everyone sees, loves, hates, they are the ones protecting the streets and responding to 911 calls. Some of the things they do awhile on scenes are direct bystanders away from an accident, investigate a murder scene, or give medical aid to a person in an accident. Awhile on duty, they can also may identify, pursue, and arrest criminals; resolve problems within the community, and enforce traffic laws. Second are the sheriffs and deputies that enforce entire counties or cities that don’t have their own police department, they are very similar to the standard uniformed police officer. Third are the state police officers or troopers, their job is to enforce the law on the highway or redirect traffic that has happened on the highways. Fourth are the specialized assignment officers, they are responsible for “Officers can specialize in a particular field, such as chemical and microscopic analysis, training and firearms instruction, or handwriting and fingerprint identification.” Other types of specialized policemen are horseback, bicycle, motorcycle, or harbor patrol. Fifth are the detectives, they are the ones that gather information and try to solve murder or bring down drug deals, it takes a keen eye to recognize details at a scene to be a detective. Last are the fish and game wardens, they are the ones keeping regulations on fishing, hunting, and boating laws.
Source: http://discoverpolicing.org/whats_like/?fa=types_careers
In “Artificial Intelligence Is Coming To Police Bodycams, Raising Privacy Concerns” author Aaron Tilley talks about how police are starting to use artificial intelligence to help them out, but at the same time this can begin to raise concerns about using artificial intelligence. Body cams used in police work have been booming, it protects the police officers from fraud, and ensures that what the policemen are doing are the right thing. But with all this technology is does come with a consequence as it is becoming more complicated to use and there is a ton of data that needs to be looked through. One of these
In “The No-Nonsense Guide to What Makes a Good Police Officer” author Elizabeth Xu explains how to become a good police officer. Here are some of the qualities that every police officer should have, compassion, a sense of humor, attention to detail, ethical and professional responsibility, creativity, self-reflection abilities, verbal and non-verbal communication skills, the ability to think critically, and a sense of teamwork. First compassion is a great way to be able to feel for another’s loss especially when they’re at the scene and you need to comfort them about their lost one. Second a good police officer should have a good sense of humor, citizens don’t like police officers that are stuck up and can’t take a joke, everyone will love a officer with a good sense of humor since it will show that they are actually human and sometime it’s okay to laugh at something. Third being a professional police officer at all times is a good way to show that you’re able to be professional at a scene and not take things too bad or let things go too easily. Fourth is the ability to communicate with citizens, some words can get a civilian angry or even cause them to do something rash and a police officer that runs his mouth and says whatever is a bad one. Most importantly is the ability to think critically, at a scene a police officer can be within feet of danger, or in a life or death situation. With fast critical thinking, a police officer and either save a life or actually save his own life by making fast split second decisions.
Scholarly Source: http://www.rasmussen.edu/degrees/justice-studies/blog/what-makes-good-police-officer/
In “The Impact of a College-Educated Police Force: A review of the literature” author Rebecca L. Paynich explains the impact of college education for the police force. Most police officers with education have several advantages over officers without education like, having better communication skills, writing better reports, are more tolerant of citizens, think more clearly on dangerous situations, have a better understanding of policing and law enforcement, and have better comprehension of civil rights issues from multiple perspectives. Better, police officers with education adapt better to organizational change,
are more professional, have fewer administrative and personnel problems, are better able to utilize innovative techniques, receive fewer citizen complaints, receive fewer disciplinary actions, have fewer preventable accidents, took less sick time away from work, perform better in police training, are less likely to use deadly force, are less cynical, are more open-minded, and place a higher value on ethical conduct. Finally, police officers report that are better able to utilize employee contacts, have a greater knowledge of the law, are better prepared for court, have a higher quality of performance on the job,
have a higher level of problem-solving abilities, communicate better and have better interpersonal working relationships, are better at resolving conflicts, are more equipped to deal with criticism, change, workload, and stress, make better discretionary decisions.
Scholarly Source: https://www.masschiefs.org/files-downloads/hot-topics/96-the-impact-of-higher-education-in-law-enforcement-feb-2009-and-summarypdf/file
Source 2: How Education Impacts Police Performance
In “How Education Impacts Police Performance” writer Mark Bond explains how education can be a big impact on a police officer’s performance, like speech, thinking, writing, and the communication. Here are some of the changes education change police officers, better behavioral and communication skills, better with decision and problem making, ability to adapt to situations quickly, more proficient with technology, enchant writing ability, less likely to be involved in unethical behavior, less time using sick days, greater pay, ability to be promoted faster and farther, and better adapted to early retirement and even second career options. Law enforcement has changes quite a bit over the past 30 years and it’s no longer what it was back then. There is new technology to assist police officers now a days, and it takes some education and learning to be able to operate them. “Modern police departments need highly educated people capable or leading change in an evolving technology-oriented society.” (Bond) With citizens trending to video tape police officers doing unethical and abuse their power, it is more important to be professional and do everything right, instead of abusing the power of the government to hopefully get officers around. Some thing’s like changing discretion, tolerance abilities, and confronting resistance can save a police officer from doing something bad or even save his department from being sued in the process of trying to detain or deal with a citizen. So, it is a good idea to take a college course or even get a degree in law enforcement to ensure that police officers are ready to go out in the real world and be ready for their departments and society.
Source: http://inpublicsafety.com/2014/07/how-education-impacts-police-performance/
In “Going Beyond the Bachelor’s: Why Police Officer Education is So Important” University of San Diego explains why it is important to be an educated police officer with a degree. First off it might become a requirement as in 2014 president Obama announced that it may be a requirement to have a college degree to become a police officer. Although it is not needed, most departments are starting to require at the minimum a community college degree to apply to become a police officer. It is very important as a police officer you are highly reliable for all your actions, and yes police officers do get training in the departments but it does not cover everything. This can be very helpful as it shows departments your commitment to the job, that you focused in college to become a police officer. Third, new technology comes out every year, and more technical aspects are now in departments like bodycams and biometrics used in departments. Fourth, law enforcement want people with leadership skills and experience out in the field to know how to handle people and when to do so. An uneducated and inexperienced police officer can be a huge reliability that can possibility get the department sued. Finally, most criminal justice system training programs are out of date, and don’t give the whole jiff of what it’s really like to become a police officer. These are the main reasons why education in law enforcement is so important present day.
Source: https://onlinedegrees.sandiego.edu/why-police-officer-education-is-important/
(Cj gave me the same source for this annotation too so i would basically be annotating the same thing over again, email me if i would be screwing myself)
Source 2 : Cops and College
In “Cops and College” Michael Wasilewski and Althea Olson explain the importance of college education and how it should be requires now a days because as modern society develops, there are new gadgets and tools police officers must know how to use properly. Then there are ways to talk citizens now because the community is continuously growing with new laws and religions going on, so say a few words or actions can possibility get the department sued. Before just a few decades ago, police departments barely even required a high school diploma, now in the modern day, all departments require a high school diploma and even some sort of college education, like having an Associates Degree and a few departments require a bachelors degree. It’s becoming more and more common for young officers to be hired with a bachelors degree and even higher special degrees that will boost their pay and ability to be hired. Special degrees can help young officers into investigations, detectives, drug cartel and many more options in law enforcement and maybe even chief of police in the future. As the future nears, this might eventually become a requirement as it’s not slowing down. But it’s not hard to receive education or advantages in policing. There are several community colleges that prepare and transfer directly into the department. There are several online schools that will further educate too. Students can even start their policing career as early as high school, giving them some experience and what the job is really like. And then after that they will be sent straight to the police academy.
Source: http://www.officer.com/article/12001951/cops-and-college
In “Why Become a Police Officer? 5 Reasons You Can’t Ignore” Ashley Brooks talks about five reasons a person shouldn’t ignore why becoming a police officer is a good career choice. First reason is that the pay is fairly even between officers and it is not a competitive job, as most officers are paid by how well they perform at the end of the year and how long they’ve been in the department. Second there is a desire to make an impact in the community, as it’s not like any other desk job, patrol officers are constantly looking to improve their community and be the one officer to move mountains and show what they can do, as most officers join to help people. Third, like any other job it will be a job that comes with great rewards, nothing is better than feeling proud, yes some days can be pretty bad, but when the time comes, you can be help accountable for helping a child or saving someone’s life. Finally, nothing beats the early retirement. As such a stressful job in the community, most officers retire at within just 20 to 25 years of joining the police or deputy jobs. Because of this benefit, this can either further the opportunity of more education or even a second career path in the near future. So, overall becoming a police officer is highly rewarding and isn’t as bad as it seems.
Scholarly Source: http://www.rasmussen.edu/degrees/justice-studies/blog/why-become-a-police-officer/
Source 2:Cops and College
In “Cops and College” Michael Wasilewski and Althea Olson explain the importance of college education and how it should be requires now a days because as modern society develops, there are new gadgets and tools police officers must know how to use properly. Then there are ways to talk citizens now because the community is continuously growing with new laws and religions going on, so say a few words or actions can possibility get the department sued. Before just a few decades ago, police departments barely even required a high school diploma, now in the modern day, all departments require a high school diploma and even some sort of college education, like having an Associates Degree and a few departments require a bachelors degree. It’s becoming more and more common for young officers to be hired with a bachelors degree and even higher special degrees that will boost their pay and ability to be hired. Special degrees can help young officers into investigations, detectives, drug cartel and many more options in law enforcement and maybe even chief of police in the future. As the future nears, this might eventually become a requirement as it’s not slowing down. But it’s not hard to receive education or advantages in policing. There are several community colleges that prepare and transfer directly into the department. There are several online schools that will further educate too. Students can even start their policing career as early as high school, giving them some experience and what the job is really like. And then after that they will be sent straight to the police academy.
Source: http://www.officer.com/article/12001951/cops-and-college
In “Great Reasons to Be a Police Officer”, Timothy Roufa explains why becoming a police officer is a great career choice. First the benefits received from government jobs are very good, even if the salary isn’t equivalent to private sector jobs, the health insurance will easily cover you. Another benefit is that since being a police officer is a highly rigorous job, retirement happens within 20 to 25 years of service. Second, the salaries are between $30k to 45k to start and can go up to $75k by the time you’re a fully employed officer, also with degrees and education, this can also boost one’s salary. Third, being promoted can be fairly easy, large departments do several promotions a year, giving a lot of officers the chance to be promoted and earning larger benefits and salaries. Fourth, being a police officer isn’t just one single job, there are several other jobs like being a detective, a patrol officer, a investigator and more, this job will never get boring as it will continue to teach about fitness, language tactics, and defensive tactics and more. Finally, the job is actually fun, for most people, being an officer seems tedious and a boring job as it’s only in forcing the law an risking your life everyday, but the job is exciting and there is never a day that’s the same or episodes. Overall the job gives a decent salary, amazing health benefits, early retirement, and it’s an actual fun career which most jobs now a days don’t give such an opportunity.
Source: https://www.thebalance.com/five-more-reasons-to-be-a-police-officer-974862
Annotation 2: Five Reasons to Become a Police Officer
In “Five Reasons to Become a Police Officer” Timothy Roufa talks about five more reasons to become a police officer. One is the excitement when one puts on their uniform and straps on their gun, because everytime they do that, their life is in danger, sometimes it’s like a target for people wanting to harm police officers, so everyday they’re on high alert. Then police have the opportunity to save lives everyday, and then that does happen, the feeling of it is very rewarding. Second a police officer’s job is never a routine, each and every day is different, making it one of the jobs that require quick thinking and it will never be a boring job because nothing ever repeats itself. Third, as a superior law enforcement agent, you will have power over what is going on in a situation. Nothing is better than solving a problem that is going on between two civilians. Fourth is being a proud officer to serve your community, nothing better is to be proud police officer within the community serving. Overall there are several things and reasons to become a police officer, there is no such thing as a boring job as a policemen and eating donuts all day. In reality it’s hard work and everyday is something different. So, becoming a police officer is a good option if you’re looking for an exciting and different thing to do everyday.
Source: https://www.thebalance.com/five-reasons-to-be-a-police-officer-974863
Kevin Pham 